How to find it, stop, handle it, when to refer to a podiatrist
If you work at a nail salon, you may encounter nail fungi at the salon without realizing them. These infectious diseases are known as macular diseases, but are more common than most people think. They are not immediately dangerous, but they can be persistent and unsightly, making them difficult to eradicate. This highlights the importance of early detection and effective management, especially in salon settings where hygiene is important.
So how do you find nail germs early? What if the client has it? Let’s break it down, step by step.
What are nail bacteria? (onychomycosis)
Onychomycosis is a slow-growing infection caused by fungal organisms called skin bacteria. These fungi eat keratin, one of the proteins that make up the nails and skin, thickens, discolors, and often leads to brittle nails.
The infection begins with one nail and, if left untreated, can spread to others, including the nail, but toenails are much more commonly affected.
But here’s the kicker: nail germs are stubborn. It is not revealed by itself and often requires several months of treatment. Therefore, early detection and proper management are extremely important, especially in salon environments where hygiene is all about.
Identify salon nail fungi
In the early stages, fungal nail infections are mean. They don’t always scream “Hey, I have a fungal infection!” Instead, they often start to be small, causing faint discolouration in or around the nails or nail bed. But over time they become much more obvious.
Signs and symptoms to watch out for:
- discoloration – Yellow, white or brown patches on the nails. Some nails may appear greenish or black in severe cases.
- Thickness – The nails can become abnormally thick and difficult to cut.
- Vulnerability – The edges of the nails can easily collapse, split or break.
- Onycholysis – The nails can separate from the nail bed, creating gaps that can cause dirt and bacteria to gather.
- twist – The nail shape may change, making it more curved or uneven.
- odor – In some cases, fungal nails can develop a slightly unpleasant smell.
Fungal nails do not always cause pain, but as the infection progresses, thickened nails can be pressed against the shoe, leading to discomfort and even secondary bacterial infections.
Differential diagnosis: Is it really a fungal infection?
Not all thick, discolored or damaged nails are caused by fungi. As a nail technician, it is important to know the difference between fungal infections and other conditions that can mimic it.
Conditions that look like nail bacteria:
- trauma – Repeated pressure from narrow shoes and injuries can cause thickening, white spots and even nail peeling.
- psoriasis – Psoriasis nails often have pitting (small dents), thickening, yellowish or red discoloration.
- Eczema and other skin conditions – These can cause brittle, flaky nails that may resemble fungal infections.
- Bacterial infection – Greenish nails that are common in salon clients are usually Pseudomonas Bacteria, not fungi.
- Aging nails – As we age, our nails can naturally thicken and become more brittle, mimicking fungal changes.
If you are unsure whether your client has a fungal infection or another condition, don’t try to diagnose it yourself. Remember that accurately identifying nail fungi within the salon is important to properly referring your podiatrist for proper testing and confirmation.
What should I do if I find nail germs at a salon?
1. Do not treat with affected nails
It’s fascinating to try to hide discoloured nails that may or may not be a polish or gel fungal infection, but that may not solve the problem. In fact, it can make things worse by trapping moisture and promoting fungal growth. Additionally, tackling infected nails puts the client at risk, especially if the client has not been properly cleaned and disinfected.
Instead, we recommend that you gently explain to your client what you notice and seek professional advice.
2. Disinfect everything
Fungal infections can spread to small spores and remain in tools, nail files, and foot baths. To prevent cross-contamination:
- First wash all metal tools and surfaces with soap and water
- Use hospital grade disinfectants on all surfaces and metal tools.
- Dispose of disposable items such as nail files and buffers.
- Clean foot baths appropriately between clients.
3. Advice clients about the next steps
If you suspect a fungal nail infection, advise your client to visit a podiatrist. Many people don’t realize that fungal infections require treatment. You won’t simply cut or file your nails. The only way to make sure it’s a fungal infection is to test it.
Fungal nail treatment options
Once diagnosed, the client has a variety of treatment options. As a nail technician, understanding these treatments will help you educate your clients and support them on their nail health journey.
1. Topical antifungal (lacquer, cream, solution)
These apply directly to the nails and are useful in mild cases, but should be used regularly for several months. Common options include:
- Amorolfine (Lokeril) – Medicinal nail lacquer.
- Terbinafine (Lamisil) – Powerful antifungal spray
- Cyclopillox (curanail) – Another antifungal varnish.
- Tea Tree Oil and Natural Remedies – Some clients swear to them, but the outcome is different.
2. Oral antifungal drugs (prescription only)
In more serious cases, the podiatrist may prescribe oral antifungal medications such as:
- Terbinafine – One of the most effective options that is usually taken for 3-6 months.
- Itraconazole (Sporanox) – Another option commonly used by people who cannot take terbinafine.
3. Laser therapy
Some clinics offer laser treatments targeting fungal infections. This is effective, but expensive, not always widely available, and results in different results.
4. Nail removal (in extreme cases)
If the infection is severe, your podiatrist may recommend that you completely remove the nails. This allows direct treatment to the nail bed, preventing the fungus from spreading even further.
Time to refer to a podiatrist
As a salon expert, you are not expected to diagnose or treat fungal infections, but you can play an important role in leading your clients to the right help.
Refer your client to a podiatrist if:
- The nails are thick, discolored or disintegrated.
- The infection spreads to multiple nails.
- The client has been infected for a long time without remedying.
- The client has diabetes or poor circulation (these conditions increase the risk of complications).
- The nails are lifting up and causing pain.
The podiatrist can check whether the problem is a fungus (using lab tests if necessary) and provide the most appropriate treatment.
Final Thoughts: Protect Your Clients and Salons
Fungal nails are common, but they are often overlooked in salons. As an expert, your job is not only to make your nails look beautiful, but also to protect your client’s health.
By recognizing possible fungal infections, maintaining strict hygiene standards and learning to refer clients to podiatrists when necessary, she sets herself a knowledgeable and responsible nail technician.
And honestly, no one wants a fungus that ruins their perfect pedicure. So be vigilant, educate your clients and keep the salon in a fungal-free zone.
